Antigonea, the City of Love and Sorrow

Audio
Video
📱
Memory

There is no audio content available. Add an audio URL in the admin panel.

There is no video content available. Add a video URL in the admin panel.

Historical period:

3rd century BCE

Historical overview of the period

The ruins of the ancient city of Antigonea stand atop the ridge of Jerma Hill, southwest of the village of Saraqinisht, about 7 km east of Gjirokastra. It was the center of the Drino River basin. Antigonea, founded during the reign of Pyrrhus (297–295 BCE), the renowned king of Epirus, bears the name of his first wife, Antigone, adopted daughter of King Ptolemy I of Egypt. According to Stephanus of Byzantium (entry Ἀντιγόνεια), the city belonged to the region of ancient Chaonia, at a strategic point controlling the natural passes of the Drino valley between Epirus and Illyria.

Conditions that gave rise to the event

The city’s name, Antigonea, is testimony to Pyrrhus’s devotion to Antigone and to the important alliance forged through his marriage to the Ptolemaic dynasty (Plutarch, Pyrrhus). It was thanks to this alliance that he regained the throne of Epirus (Pausanias 1.11.5). Pyrrhus and Antigone had two children: a daughter, Olympias, and a son, Ptolemy Pyrrhus (or simply Ptolemy), named in honor of his maternal grandfather, Ptolemy I Soter, founder of the Ptolemaic dynasty in Egypt. Historical sources record that Antigone did not survive childbirth. It is believed that, in memory of his first wife, Pyrrhus founded the city of Antigonea.

Message

This story conveys a deeply human message, touching upon the many dimensions of love — that between a man and a woman and that of the sublime bond between a mother and her child. Antigonea also symbolizes the human confrontation with pain and loss, while reflecting a strategic alliance between Egypt and Epirus, two major powers of their time. The founding of the city was at once an act of love, remembrance and diplomacy. Love and memory may find cities — but they become living heritage only when vision, politics and history intertwine.

Meaning in Today’s Context

The founding of Antigonea as a city built in the name of Pyrrhus’s wife can today be seen as a rare and significant gesture, rooted in love, appreciation, and respect for a life companion, even though their shared life was very brief. From the perspective of political alliance, it is also an example of clear-sighted political cooperation, which builds bridges and creates stability.

Bibliography

  • Budina, Dhimosten. Antigonea: Rezultatet e gërmimeve 1966–1970 [Antigonea: Results of the excavations 1966–1970], Iliria 2 (1972), pp. 269–378.
  • Budina, Dhimosten. Harta arkeologjike e luginës së Drinosit [Archaeological map of the Drino valley], Iliria 3 (1974), pp. 354–392.
  • Budina, Dhimosten. Antigonée d’Épire, Iliria 4 (1976), pp. 327–335.
  • Budina, Dhimosten. Le lieu et le rôle d’Antigonea dans la vallée du Drino, in P. Cabanes (ed.), L’Illyrie méridionale et l’Épire dans l’antiquité, Proceedings of the Clermont-Ferrand Colloquium (1987), pp. 159–166.
×